Lecture 5: Input/Output File Redirection and Arrays

Key ideas:

< and > on Linux redirect standard input and standard output
we can use redirection to read input from files and write output to files without changing our C code
scanf returns the number of inputs successfully assigned, so can use a while loop with scanf to read lines of a file until end

Optional reading: 7.1-7.5

Key ideas:

Declaring arrays: datatype name[size], e.g., int nums[10] to store 10 ints
Arrays can only store data of one type and have fixed size
Can initialize elements using {}
Arrays are stored contiguously in memory
Common error: overlowing array (and will not be detected by the compiler!)
Array indexing using []; argument must resolve to int
Accessing array elements using loops
Using arrays in functions: we pass arrays by reference because they are actually pointers
To create an array in a function, create it, pass it in (actually passing a pointer to the start of it), and then fill it
const for input array arguments
conditional operator: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/conditional-or-ternary-operator-in-c-c/